TRB Preparation Zoology CARBOHYDRATE Part-3

1. The  glyceraldehyde can be represented as  D ( + )  or  D ( - ) . Explain this .
    Answer :  D represents the spatial  configuration of the secondary alcoholic hydroxyl group and the  plus ( + ) and  ( - )  signs represent the optical rotation.

2 . Name the hexose present in the blood  .
    Answer : Glucose  

3 . The empirical formula for glucose was proved in __________
    Answer : 1886

4 . Who demonstrated that glucose is a straight chain polyhydroxylic aldehyde  ?
     Answer : Kiliani

5. Who proved that certain carbon atoms in glucose molecules are asymmetric ?
    Answer : Emil Fisher

6 . How many  asymmetric carbon atoms are present in the glucose molecule ?
       Answer : Four

7 .  In which position four asymmetric carbon atoms are present in glucose molecule ?
      Answer :  Positions are 2, 3, 4,  and 5 .

8 . Compounds having asymmetric carbon atoms are optically active and exist in more than one form and they are called _____________
      Answer : Isomers

9 . What formula is used to calculate the number of possible isomers for optically  active compound?
       Answer : Vant Hoff formula ( I=2n        Where I= number of isomers , n = number of asymmetric carbon atoms .

10 .  The number of possible isomers for glucose molecule is _____________
       Answer : 16  ( I=2   =  24 =16 )

11 . Who proposed the ring structure for monosaccharides?
       Answer : Fisher

12 . In glucose the formation of a hemiacetal by the  condensation of a simple aldehyde  and simple alcohol occurs between ______________ and _____________ at carbon atom 5 of the same molecule .
        Answer : Aldehyde group, hydroxyl group.

13 . The  α  and   β   form   of the sugars are called ____________
             Answer : Anomers

14 . What is the difference between  D series and    L  series in the position of hydroxyl group  of  C – 5 ?
        Answer :  In D series the hydroxyl group of C -5  is on the right  . In L  series  the hydroxyl group of   C -5  is on the  left  .

15 . The changing  of optical  rotation is called   ______________
         Answer : Mutarotation

16 . All sugars forming six membered rings are to be pyranose . Sugars having five membered ring are to be  called furanose  ring . Who proposed this ?
         Answer :  Haworth

16 . The pyranose  sugar is depicted as hexagon. The furanose sugar  is depicted as _______
        Answer : Pentagon

17 . Fruit sugar is ____________
         Answer :  Fructose

18 . Which sugar is called levulose? 
           Answer :  Fructose

19 . Which monosaccharide is present abundantly in sweet fruits?
           Answer : Fructose

20 . The sugar present in honey is       ____________
           Answer : Fructose

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