PG TRB Preparation Zoology CARBOHYDRATE Part - 14

201 . Which enzyme convert xylulose – 5 – phosphate to glyceraldehydes – 3 phosphate?

                 Answer : Transketolase

202 . What are the major functions of hexose  monophosphate  shunt pathway?

                 Answer : Maintain a continuous supply of reduced NAD and NADP

203 .In the active mammary gland HMP pathway is active .Why?

           Answer : In the active mammary gland there is increased synthesis of fatty acid, HMP pathway supplies enough NADPH, essential for the synthesis of fatty acid.

203 . Which hormone injection stimulate the formation of glucose – 6 – phosphate?

                  Answer : Insulin hormone injection

204 . What is uronic acid pathway?

                  Answer : Uronic acid pathway is a minor pathway by which glucose gets converted to glucuronic acid , ascorbic acid and pentose.

205 . Uronic acid pathway starts with -----------------

              Answer : Glucose – 6 – phosphate

206 . What is the first step in uronic acid pathway?

               Answer : Glucose – 6 – phosphate is converted into glucose – 1 – phosphate by the enzyme   phosphogluco mutase.

207 . In uronic acid pathway glucose – 1 – phosphate react with UTP, in the presence of ____________  to form active nucleotide UDPG .

             Answer : UDPG pyrophosphorylase

208 . What is the active form of glucuronic acid?

                Answer : UDP - glucuronic acid

209 .What is the direct precursor of ascorbic acid in animals?

              Answer : L – gulonic acid.

210 . In man ascorbic acid is not synthesised .Why?

              Answer : In man  L – gulonic acid is oxidised to 3 – keto - gulonic acid and then to L- xylulose , which is converted to  D – xylulose.

211 . What is the metabolite of HMP pathway?

               Answer : D – xylulose – 5 – phosphate

212 . What is essential pentosuria?

                 Answer :Essential pentosuria is a rare hereditary disease , characterized by the excretion of large quantities of  L – xylulose in the urine.

213 Which one is cannot be demonstrated in the blood of transient pentosuria?

               Answer : L – xylulose

214.Which fuel supply energy for skeletal muscle contraction under anaerobic condition?

             Answer : Sugar

215 .Which one help to clear lactate produced by muscle and glycerol produced by adipose tissue?

              Answer : Glucose

216 . Which mechanism is the reversal of glycolysis and citric acid cycle?

                Answer : Gluconeogenesis

217 . List out non – carbohydrate sources utilized for gluconeogenesis?

                 Answer : Amino acids, lactate and glycerol

218 . What is glucogenic amino acid?

                  Answer : The amino acid that can synthesise glucose or glycogen are classified as glucogenic amino acid

219 . In which region pyruvate is carboxylated to oxaloacetate  in gluconeogenesis?

            Answer : Mitochondria

220 . Which enzyme convert pyruvate to oxaloacetate in gluconeogenesis?

                Answer : Pyruvate carboxylase ( in the presence of ATP , biotin and Co_{2 )}

_{221 .} Which enzyme convert  oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate in gluconeogenesis?

             Answer :Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxy kinase

222 . In which region glucose – 6 – phosphatase  enzyme is present?

               Answer : Liver, intestine and kidney

223 . In which region fructose 1– 6 –diphosphatase  enzyme is present?

             Answer : Liver and kidney

224 . Which enzyme catalyse the breakdown of glycogen to glucose – 1 – phosphate  in gluconeogenesis?

               Answer : Phosphorylase

225 . What is the product of triglyceride metabolism?

                Answer : Glycerol

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